However, the current macOS is a Unix operating system built on technology that had been developed at NeXT from the 1980s until Apple purchased the company in early 1997.2020. That system, up to and including its final release Mac OS 9, was a direct descendant of the operating system Apple had used in its Macintosh computers since their introduction in 1984. It's available as an automatic software update for the following versions of these operating systems: macOS Sierra 10.12.2 or later OS X El Capitan 10.11.6 OS X Yosemite 10.10.5The history of macOS, Apple's current Mac operating system formerly named Mac OS X until 2012 and then OS X until 2016, began with the company's project to replace its "classic" Mac OS. Apple Remote Desktop Client 3.9.3 is an update for any Mac that is viewed or controlled from the Remote Desktop app. What's new in Apple Remote Desktop Client 3.9.3.The hardware was phased out in 1993 however, the company's object-oriented operating system NeXTSTEP had a more lasting legacy. As the first workstation to include a digital signal processor (DSP) and a high-capacity optical disc drive, NeXT hardware was advanced for its time, but was expensive relative to the rapidly commoditizing workstation market and marred by design problems. The result was the NeXT Computer. The operating system was further renamed to "macOS" starting with macOS Sierra.MacOS retained the major version number 10 throughout its development history until the release of macOS 11 Big Sur in 2020 releases of macOS have also been named after big cats (versions 10.0–10.8) or locations in California (10.9–present).A new macOS - Monterey was announced during WWDC on June 7, 2021.Diagram of the relationships between Unix systems including the ancestors of macOSAfter Apple removed Steve Jobs from management in 1985, he left the company and attempted to create the "next big thing", with funding from Ross Perot and himself. Lion was sometimes referred to by Apple as "Mac OS X Lion" and sometimes referred to as "OS X Lion", without the "Mac" Mountain Lion was consistently referred to as just "OS X Mountain Lion", with the "Mac" being completely dropped.It also supported the innovative Enterprise Objects Framework database access layer and WebObjects application server development environment, among other notable features. This environment is known today in the Mac world as Cocoa. It featured an object-oriented programming framework based on the Objective-C language.
Remote Desktop Client El Capitan Mac OS X Until 2012(Some of these efforts, such as Taligent, did not fully come to fruition others, like Java, gained widespread adoption.) On February 4, 1997, Apple Computer acquired NeXT for $427 million, and used OPENSTEP as the basis for Mac OS X, as it was called at the time. However, by this point, a number of other companies — notably Apple, IBM, Microsoft, and even Sun itself — were claiming they would soon be releasing similar object-oriented operating systems and development tools of their own. OPENSTEP was, for a short time, adopted by Sun Microsystems. NeXTSTEP underwent an evolution into OPENSTEP which separated the object layers from the operating system below, allowing it to run with less modification on other platforms. ( February 2021) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)Meanwhile, Apple was facing commercial difficulties of its own. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. For example, in the Cocoa development environment, the Objective-C library classes have "NS" prefixes, and the HISTORY section of the manual page for the defaults command in macOS straightforwardly states that the command "First appeared in NeXTStep." Internal development This section does not cite any sources. At first, the plan was to develop a new operating system based almost entirely on an updated version of OPENSTEP, with the addition of a virtual machine subsystem — known as the Blue Box — for running "classic" Macintosh applications. Avie Tevanian took over OS development, and Steve Jobs was brought on as a consultant. Some elements of Copland were incorporated into Mac OS 8, released on July 26, 1997.After considering the purchase of BeOS — a multimedia-enabled, multi-tasking OS designed for hardware similar to Apple's, the company decided instead to acquire NeXT and use OPENSTEP as the basis for their new OS. By 1996, Copland was nowhere near ready for release, and the project was eventually cancelled. A massive development effort to replace it, known as Copland, was started in 1994, but was generally perceived outside Apple to be a hopeless case due to political infighting and conflicting goals. Over the next two years, major effort was applied to porting the original Macintosh APIs to Unix libraries known as Carbon. When Jobs announced at the World Wide Developer's Conference that what developers really wanted was a modern version of the Mac OS, and Apple was going to deliver it , he was met with applause. The board asked Steve Jobs to lead the company on an interim basis, essentially giving him carte blanche to make changes to return the company to profitability. This "rejection" of Apple's plan was largely the result of a string of previous broken promises from Apple after watching one "next OS" after another disappear and Apple's market share dwindle, developers were not interested in doing much work on the platform at all, let alone a re-write.Apple's financial losses continued and the board of directors lost confidence in CEO Gil Amelio, asking him to resign. Instead, several major developers such as Adobe told Apple that this would never occur, and that they would rather leave the platform entirely. Casio vl tone 1 emulator macDuring this period, the Java programming language had increased in popularity, and an effort was started to improve Mac Java support. The Darwin kernel provides a stable and flexible operating system, which takes advantage of the contributions of programmers and independent open-source projects outside Apple however, it sees little use outside the Macintosh community. They became known as Darwin. During this time, the lower layers of the operating system (the Mach kernel and the BSD layers on top of it ) were re-packaged and released under the Apple Public Source License. Support for C, C++, Objective-C, Java, and Python were added, furthering developer comfort with the new platform. Meanwhile, applications written using the older toolkits would be supported using the "Classic" Mac OS 9 environment. The development of Aqua was delayed somewhat by the switch from OpenStep's Display PostScript engine to one developed in-house that was free of any license restrictions, known as Quartz. Despite this, Mac OS X maintained a substantial degree of consistency with the traditional Mac OS interface and Apple's own Apple Human Interface Guidelines, with its pull-down menu at the top of the screen, familiar keyboard shortcuts, and support for a single-button mouse. A new feature was the Dock, an application launcher which took advantage of these capabilities. Aqua was a substantial departure from the Mac OS 9 interface, which had evolved with little change from that of the original Macintosh operating system: it incorporated full color scalable graphics, anti-aliasing of text and graphics, simulated shading and highlights, transparency and shadows, and animation. The first release of the new OS — Mac OS X Server 1.0 — used a modified version of the Mac OS GUI, but all client versions starting with Mac OS X Developer Preview 3 used a new theme known as Aqua.
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